DAILY BASIS ENGLISH COURSE

Pronunciation

Phonetics + Letters

Contents

Vowels

/æ/ answer /ˈæn.sɚ/ ask /æsk/ bath /bæθ/ cat /kæt/ can’t /kænt/ dance /dæns/ fat /fæt/ fast /fæst/ last /læst/ man /mæn/ task /tæsk/
In British English, /æ/ often becomes /ɑː/ in certain words.
UK Flag icon/ɑː/ answer /ˈɑːn.sər/ ask /ɑːsk/ bath /bɑːθ/ can’t /kɑːnt/ dance /dɑːns/ fast /fɑːst/ last /lɑːst/ task /tɑːsk/
/e/ bed /bed/ head /hed/ red /red/
/ɪ/ busy /ˈbɪz.i/ English /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ/ it /ɪt/
/iː/ eat /iːt/ key /kiː/ sea /siː/ see /siː/
In American English, /ə/ and /ʌ/ are not distinguished, but they are in British English. The vowel /ʌ/occurs in stressed syllables, while /ə/ occurs in unstressed syllables. In British English, they are distinguished as separate vowels.
/ə/ unstressed schwa about /əˈbaʊt/ above /əˈbʌv/ open /ˈoʊ.pən/ student /ˈstuː.dənt/ the /ðə/
UK Flag iconvocab cinema/ˈsɪn.ə.mə/
/ʌ/ stressed but /bʌt/ cup /kʌp/ Hulk /hʌk/ son /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ under /ˈʌn.dɚ/
UK Flag icon/ʌ/ but /bʌt/ cup /kʌp/ son /sʌn/ sun /sʌn/ under /ˈʌn.də/
/ɔː/ all /ɔːl/ bought /bɔːt/ call /kɔːl/ caught /kɔːt/ claw /klɔː/ coffee /ˈkɔː.fi/ daughter /ˈdɔː.t̬ɚ/ dog /dɔːg/ draw /drɔː/ fog /fɔːg/ jaw /dʒɔː/ frog /frɔːg/ law /lɔː/ raw /rɔː/ saw /sɔː/ talk /tɔːk/ walk /wɔːk/
/ɑː/ bottom /ˈbɑː.t̬əm/ calm /kɑːm/ cot /kɑːt/ father /ˈfɑːðər/ god /ɡɑːd/ hot /hɑːt/ job /dʒɑːb/ lock /lɑːk/ lot /lɑːt/ not /nɑːt/ odd /ɑːd/ office /ˈɑː.fɪs/ palm /pɑːm/ rob /rɑːb/ rock /rɑːk/ shop /ʃɑːp/ sock /sɑːk/ spa /spɑː/ stop /stɑːp/ top /tɑːp/
On the West Coast, in much of the Midwest, in Canada, and in parts of the Northeast, the /ɔː/sound is usually merged with the /ɑː/ sound, so cot and caught sound the same.
In British English, /ɑː/, /ɔː/ is pronounced /ɒ/.
UK Flag icon/ɒ/ dog /dɒɡ/ frog /frɒɡ/ hot /hɒt/ shop /ʃɒp/ stop /stɒp/ lot /lɒt/ rob /rɒb/
/ʊ/ book /bʊk/ good /gʊd/ wood /wʊd/ would /wʊd/
/uː/ blue /bluː/ food /fuːd/ student /ˈstuː.dənt/

Diphthongs

/aɪ/ buy /baɪ/ my /maɪ/ time /taɪm/
/aʊ/ cow /kaʊ/ bow /baʊ/ south /saʊθ/
/eɪ/ day /deɪ/ make /meɪk/ say /seɪ/
/ɔɪ/ boy /bɔɪ/ choice /tʃɔɪs/ toy /tɔɪ/
/oʊ/ go /goʊ/ show /ʃoʊ/ slow /sloʊ/
UK Flag icon/əʊ/ go /gəʊ/ show /ʃəʊ/ slow /sləʊ/

Consonants

/b/ book /bʊk/ table /ˈteɪ.bəl/
/d/ do /duː/ did /dɪd/
/f/ fish /fɪʃ/ coffee /ˈkɑː.fi/
/g/ go /goʊ/ bag /bæg/
/h/ hat /hæt/ head /hed/
/j/ university /ˌjuː.nəˈvɝː.sə.t̬i/ yes /jɛs/ yellow /ˈjɛloʊ/
/k/ cat /kæt/ back /bæk/
/ʒ/ vision /ˈvɪʒən/ measure /ˈmeʒ.ɚ/
/l/ love /lʌv/ feel /fiːl/
/m/ man /mæn/ summer /ˈsʌm.ɚ/
/n/ no /noʊ/ dinner /ˈdɪn.ɚ/
/ŋ/ sing /sɪŋ/ long /lɔŋ/
/p/ pen /pen/ map /mæp/
/r/ red /red/ carry /ˈkæri/
/s/ see /siː/ city /ˈsɪt̬.i/
/ʃ/ she /ʃiː/ nation /ˈneɪʃən/
/t/ ten /ten/ top /tɑːp/
/θ/ think /θɪŋk/ bath /bæθ/
/ð/ this /ðɪs/ mother /ˈmʌð.ɚ/
/v/ very /ˈver.i/ over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/
/w/ we /wiː/ quick /kwɪk/
/z/ zoo /zuː/ music /ˈmjuː.zɪk/

Rhotic (Vowels + R)

/aɪr/ choir /kwaɪr/ fir(e) /faɪr/ inspir(e) /ɪnˈspaɪr/ liar /ˈlaɪr/
UK Flag icon/aɪə/ choir /ˈkwaɪə/ fir(e) /ˈfaɪə/ inspir(e) /ɪnˈspaɪə/ liar /ˈlaɪə/
/eər/ air /eər/ hair /heər/ pair /peər/ wher(e) /wer/
UK Flag icon/eə/ air /eə/ hair /heə/ pair /peə/ where(e) /weə/
/ɝː/ bird /bɝːd/ girl /ɡɝːl/ learn /lɝːn/ wer(e) /wɝː/ world /wɝːld/ word /wɝːd/ work /wɝːk/
UK Flag icon/ɜː/ bird /bɜːd/ learn /lɜːn/ wer(e) /wɜː/ world /wɜːld/ word /wɜːd/ work /wɜːk/
/ɔːr/ door /dɔːr/ four /fɔːr/ north /nɔːrθ/ war /wɔːr/
UK Flag icon/ɔː/ door /dɔː/ four /fɔː/ north /nɔːθ/ war /wɔː/

Letter 'a': /æ/, /ɑː/, /eɪ/, /ə/

/æ/ apple /ˈæp.əl/maçã anniversary /ˌæn.əˈvɝː.sɚ.i/ bad /bæd/ bat /bæt/ cap /kæp/ cat /kæt/ fat /fæt/ habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/ hat /hæt/ has /hæz/ have /hæv/ man /mæn/

Bats usually eat apples. Morcegos normalmente comem maçã.

The cat is on the mat. O gato está no tapete.

The man has a black hat. O homem tem um chapéu preto.

She has a bad habit. Ela tem um mau hábito.

I have a map in my bag. Eu tenho um mapa na minha bolsa.

/ɑː/ calm /kɑːm/ father /ˈfɑːðər/ palm /pɑːm/ spa /spɑː/

Keep calm and hold my arm. Fique calmo e segure o meu braço.

My father drove the car far away. Meu pai dirigiu o carro para longe.

I could really use a spa right now. Preciso de um spa no momento.

/eɪ/ ate /eɪt/comi, comeu (passado verbo eat) chase /tʃeɪs/ day /deɪ/ game /ɡeɪm/ made /meɪd/ tape /teɪp/ pay /peɪ/

I ate a sandwich this morning. Eu comi um sanduíche esta manhã.

She chased the dog across the yard. Ela correu atrás do cachorro pelo quintal.

We played a fun game after school. Nós jogamos um jogo divertido depois da escola.

/ə/ a /ə/ about /əˈbaʊt/ above /əˈbʌv/ idea /aɪˈdiː.ə/ of /əv/ ago /əˈɡoʊ/ away /əˈweɪ/ banana /bəˈnænə/ sofa /ˈsoʊ.fə/

Bananas contain a lot of potassium. Bananas contêm muito potássio.

It's out of ideas. Está sem ideias.

We sat on the sofa a few minutes ago. Nós sentamos no sofá há alguns minutos.

Letters 'ai:' /e/

/e/ said /sed/ again /əˈɡen/ against /əˈɡenst/

Letters 'au': /ɔː/

/ɔː/ audio /ˈɔː.di.oʊ/ automatic /ˈɔː.t̬əˈmæt̬.ɪk/ automaton /ɔːˈtɑː.mə.tən/ daughter /ˈdɔː.t̬ɚ/

Letters 'aw', 'awe': /ɔː/

'aw' /ɔː/ law /lɔː/ lei saw /sɔː/ viu / serra draw /drɔː/ desenhar / puxar / empatar raw /rɔː/ cru claw /klɔː/ garra jaw /dʒɔː/ mandíbula
'awe' /ɔː/ awe /ˈɔː/ awesome /ˈɔː.səm/

This is the law. Esta é a lei.

I saw a bird. Eu vi um pássaro.

Let’s draw a picture. Vamos desenhar um desenho.

The meat is raw. A carne está crua.

The cat has a sharp claw. O gato tem uma garra afiada.

My jaw hurts. Minha mandíbula dói.

That movie is awesome. Esse filme é incrível.

We watched in awe. Nós assistimos com admiração.

Letters: 'ay': /eɪ/'

/eɪ/ day /deɪ/ lay /leɪ/ pay /peɪ/

I’ll pay you tomorrow. Te pago amanhã.

She laid the book on the table. Ela colocou o livro na mesa.

It’s a beautiful day today. Hoje é um dia bonito.

Letter 'e': /e/, /ə/

/e/ bed /bed/ get /get/ men /men/ red /red/
/ə/ business /ˈbɪ.znəs/ open /ˈoʊ.pən/ problem /ˈprɑː.bləm/ taken /ˈteɪ.kən/

Letter 'e' silent

silent 'e' /changes vowel sound/ ate /eɪt/ fate /feɪt/ time /taɪm/ make /meɪk/ where /wer/ write /raɪt/

Letters 'ea': /e/, /iː/

/e/ bread /bred/ head /hed/ meant /ment/
/iː/ eat /iːt/ meat /miːt/ seat /siːt/

Letters 'eau': /juː/, /oʊ/

/juː/ beauty /ˈbjuː.t̬i/ beleza beautiful /ˈbjuː.t̬ə.fəl/ bonito / bonita
/oʊ/ beau /boʊ/ bureau /ˈbjʊr.oʊ/ escritório / departamento plateau /plæˈtoʊ/ planalto / estabilizar

Letters 'ee': /iː/

/iː/ see /siː/ green /ɡriːn/ meet /miːt/ need /niːd/ sleep /sliːp/ tree /triː/

Letters 'ei': /eɪ/

/eɪ/ eight /eɪt/ vein /veɪn/ rein /reɪn/ neighbor /ˈneɪ.bɚ/ weight /weɪt/

Letters 'eo': /iːə/, /iːɑː/, /iː/, /e/

theory /ˈθiːər.i/ theorem /ˈθiːə.rəm/ Theodore /ˈθiː.ə.dɔːr/ leotard /ˈliː.ə.tɑːrd/
neon /ˈniː.ɑːn/ peon /ˈpiː.ən/ theology /θiˈɑː.lə.dʒi/
Exception:
leopard /ˈlep.ɚd/ jeopardy /ˈdʒep.ɚ.di/ people /ˈpiː.pəl/

Letter 'et': /eɪ/

/eɪ/ ballet /bæˈleɪ/ buffet /bəˈfeɪ/ gourmet /ɡʊrˈmeɪ/

Letters 'ey': /iː/, /eɪ/

/i/ abbey /ˈæb.i/ Disney /ˈdɪz.ni/ donkey /ˈdɑːŋ.ki/ money /ˈmʌn.i/ odyssey /ˈɑː.dɪ.si/ Sydney /ˈsɪd.ni/

Letter 'i': /iː/, /ɪ/, /ə/, /aɪ/

/iː/ machine /məˈʃiːn/ police /pəˈliːs/ ski /skiː/
/ɪ/ animal /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/ big /bɪɡ/ city /ˈsɪt̬.i/ finish /ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ limit /ˈlɪm.ɪt/ milk /mɪlk/ minute /ˈmɪn.ɪt/ sit /sɪt/ visit /ˈvɪz.ɪt/
/ə/ family /ˈfæm.əl.i/ possible /ˈpɑː.sə.bəl/
/aɪ/ find /faɪnd/ kind /kaɪnd/ kite /kaɪt/ like /laɪk/ time /taɪm/

Letters 'ie': /iː/, /aɪ/

/iː/ believe /bɪˈliːv/ brief /briːf/ chief /tʃiːf/ field /fiːld/ piece /piːs/
/aɪ/ cried /kraɪd/ die /daɪ/ lie /laɪ/ pie /paɪ/ tie /taɪ/

Letters 'n', 'ng': /ŋ/

'n' /ŋ/ anger /ˈæŋ.ɡɚ/ raiva, braveza angry /ˈæŋ.ɡri/ com raiva
'ng' /ŋ/ going /ɡoʊɪŋ/ em andamento interesting /ˈɪn.trə.stɪŋ/ interessante thing /θɪŋ/ coisa

Letter 'o': /ɑː/, /ɔː/, /oʊ/

/ɑː/ donkey /ˈdɑːŋ.ki/ hot /hɑːt/ job /dʒɑːb/ lot /lɑːt/ not /nɑːt/ odyssey /ˈɑː.dɪ.si/ office /ˈɑː.fɪs/ rob /rɑːb/ rock /rɑːk/ shop /ʃɑːp/ stop /stɑːp/ top /tɑːp/
/ɔː/ bought /bɔːt/ coffee /ˈkɔː.fi/ dog /dɔːg/ fog /fɔːg/ frog /frɔːg/
/oʊ/ go /ɡoʊ/ hotel /hoʊˈtel/ no /noʊ/ open /ˈoʊ.pən/

Letters 'oa': /ɔː/, /oʊ/

/ɔː/ abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ broad /brɔːd/
/oʊ/ boat /boʊt/ coat /koʊt/ goat /goʊt/ road /roʊd/ soap /soʊp/

Letters 'oo': /ʌ/, /ʊ/, /uː/

/ʌ/ blood /blʌd/ flood /flʌd/
/ʊ/ book /bʊk/ cook /kʊk/ foot /fʊt/ good /gʊd/ look /lʊk/
/uː/ food /fuːd/ moon /muːn/ school /skuːl/ room /ruːm/ too /tuː/

Letters 'ous': /əs/

/əs/ curious /ˈkjʊr.i.əs/ dangerous /ˈdeɪn.dʒɚ.əs/ famous /ˈfeɪ.məs/ nervous /ˈnɝː.vəs/ serious /ˈsɪr.i.əs/ various /ˈver.i.əs/

Letters 'ow': /aʊ/, /oʊ/

/aʊ/ bow verb /baʊ/ brown /braʊn/ clown /klaʊn/ cow /kaʊ/ coward /ˈkaʊ.ɚd/ frown /fraʊn/ town /taʊn/
/oʊ/ bow noun /boʊ/
Listen to the differences.
cow /kaʊ/vs. call /kɔːl/
bow /boʊ/vs. bowl /boʊl/

Letters 'u': /ʌ/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/, /uː/, /juː/

US Flag icon
/ʌ/ but /bʌt/ cuff /kʌf/ cut /kʌt/ hulk /hʌlk/ hut /hʌt/ success /səkˈses/ support /səˈpɔːrt/
/ɪ/ business /ˈbɪ.znəs/ busy /ˈbɪz.i/
/ʊ/ full /fʊl/ pull /pʊl/ put /pʊt/
/uː/ student /ˈstuː.dənt/ rule /ruːl/
/juː/ curious /ˈkjʊr.i.əs/ music /ˈmjuː.zɪk/ university /ˌjuː.nəˈvɝː.sə.t̬i/ use /juːz/

Letters 'ui': /ɪ/, /aɪ/, /uː/

/ɪ/ build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ guild /ɡɪld/ guilt /ɡɪlt/
/aɪ/ guide /ɡaɪd/ guile /ɡaɪl/
/uː/ fruit /fruːt/ juice /dʒuːs/ nuisance /ˈnuː.səns/ suit /suːt/

Letters 'us': /əs/

/əs/ bonus /ˈboʊ.nəs/ campus /ˈkæm.pəs/ focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/

Letters 'sh': /ʃ/

/ʃ/ she /ʃiː/ ship /ʃɪp/ shop /ʃɑːp/ fish /fɪʃ/ wash /wɑːʃ/

Letters '(t)ch': /tʃ/, /ʃ/, /k/

/tʃ/ arch /ɑːrtʃ/ chair /tʃer/ kitchen /ˈkɪtʃ.ən/ teach /tiːtʃ/ wach /wɑːtʃ/
/ʃ/ brochure /broʊˈʃʊr/ chef /ʃef/ machine /məˈʃiːn/
/k/ architect /ˈɑːr.kə.tekt/ chemistry /ˈkem.ə.stri/ chorus /ˈkɔːr.əs/ technology /tekˈnɑː.lə.dʒi/

Letter 't': /t/ and its sounds

t' silent in /nt/
centeror cen(t)er
dentistor den(t)ist
identifyor iden(t)ify
identityor iden(t)ity
internationalor in(t)ernational
interventionor in(t)ervention
interruptor in(t)errupt
US Flag iconFlap 't'
bottom /ˈbɑː.t̬əm/ fundo, parte de baixo; bunda butter /ˈbʌt̬.ɚ/ manteiga party /ˈpɑːr.t̬i/ festa, grupo, partido político photo /ˈfoʊ.t̬oʊ/ foto later /ˈleɪ.t̬ɚ/ mais tarde (tempo) water /ˈwɔː.t̬ər/ água

Letter 'y': /aɪ/, /i/, /j/

/aɪ/ by /baɪ/ fly /flaɪ/ type /taɪp/
/i/ angry /ˈæŋ.ɡri/ crazy /ˈkreɪ.zi/ hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡri/ odyssey /ˈɑː.dɪ.si/ salty /ˈsɑːl.t̬i/ sleepy /ˈsliː.pi/
/j/ yes /jes/ year /jɪr/ yellow /ˈjel.oʊ/ yesterday /ˈjes.tɚ.deɪ/

Letters 'ye': /aɪ/

/aɪ/ bye /baɪ/

Letters 'a': /æ/ vs. 'e', 'ea': /e/

/æ/vs. /e/
and /ænd/ evs. end /end/ fim; acabar

Bread and butter. Pão e manteiga.

This is the end. Isso é o fim.

bad /bæd/ ruim; péssimovs. bed /bed/ cama

I had a bad day. Eu tive um péssimo dia.

She went to bed early. Ela foi para a cama cedo.

bat /bæt/ morcego; tacovs. bet /bet/ apostar

He hit the ball with a bat. Ele acertou a bola com um bastão.

I bet you were right. Aposto que você estava certo.

dad /dæd/ paivs. dead /ded/ morto(a)

My dad is cool. Meu pai é legal.

The plant is dead. A planta está morta.

had /hæd/ teve; tinhavs. head /hed/ cabeça

John had a good time. John se divertiu.

He hit his head. Ele bateu a cabeça.

man /mæn/ homemvs. men /men/ homens

The man is here. O homem está aqui.

The men are here. Os homens estão aqui.

pan /pæn/ panelavs. pen /pen/ caneta

Put the eggs in the pan. Coloque os ovos na panela.

You can use this pen. Você pode usar esta caneta.

shad /ʃæd/ peixe (tipo de arenque)vs. shed /ʃed/ derramar; galpão

The fisherman caught a shad. O pescador pegou um peixe shad.

Cats shed their fur every day. Gatos soltam pelos todos os dias.

tan /tæn/ bronzeado; bronzearvs. ten /ten/ dez

She got a tan at the beach. Ela ficou bronzeada na praia.

I got ten out of ten on the test. Eu tirei nota máxima na prova.

than /ðæn/ do quevs. then /ðen/ então; depois

She is taller than me. Ela é mais alta do que eu.

Finish your work, then you can rest. Termine seu trabalho, depois você pode descansar.

Letters 'ea', 'ee': /iː/ vs. 'i': /ɪ/

/iː/vs. /ɪ/
eat /iːt/ comervs. it /ɪt/ isso; ele/ela (coisa)

I don’t usually eat breakfast. Normalmente eu não tomo café da manhã.

It is very cold today. Está muito frio hoje.

feel /fiːl/ sentirvs. fill /fɪl/ encher; preencher

I feel tired. Eu me sinto cansado.

Fill the glass, please. Encha o copo, por favor.

leave /liːv/ sair; partirvs. live /lɪv/ viver

I leave at six. Eu saio às seis.

I live here. Eu moro aqui.

sheep /ʃiːp/ ovelhavs. ship /ʃɪp/ navio

I saw a sheep on the farm. Eu vi uma ovelha na fazenda.

This ship is huge. Este navio é enorme.

sleep /sliːp/ dormirvs. slip /slɪp/ escorregar

I need to sleep. Eu preciso dormir.

Be careful not to slip. Cuidado para não escorregar.

Letters 'n': /n/ vs. 'ng': /ŋ/

'n': /n/ vs. 'ng': /ŋ/
sin /sɪn/ pecadovs. sing /sɪŋ/ cantar

He confessed his sins. Ele confessou seu pecado.

She loves to sing in the shower. Ela adora cantar no chuveiro.

thin /θɪn/ finovs. thing /θɪŋ/ coisa

The ice is thin. O gelo está fino.

This thing is important. Esta coisa é importante.

Letters 'oo' /uː/ vs. 'u' /ʊ/

fool /fuːl/ tolovs. full /fʊl/ cheio

Don’t be a fool. Não seja um tolo.

The glass is full. O copo está cheio.

pool /puːl/ piscinavs. pull /pʊl/ puxar

They are swimming in the pool. Eles estão nadando na piscina.

Pull the door. Puxe a porta.

suit /suːt/ ternovs. soot /sʊt/ fuligem

He is wearing a suit. Ele está usando um terno.

The chimney was covered in soot. A chaminé estava coberta de fuligem.

Letters 'sh': /ʃ/ vs. 'ch': /tʃ/

wash /wɑːʃ/ lavarvs. watch /wɑːtʃ/ relógio (pulso); assistir

Don’t forget to wash your hands. Não se esqueça de lavar as suas mãos.

I usually watch TV at night. Eu assisto TV à noite.

ship /ʃɪp/ naviovs. chip /tʃɪp/ batata frita

The ship is really big. O navio é grande.

She ate a chip. Ela comeu uma batata frita.

sheep /ʃiːp/ ovelhavs. cheap /tʃiːp/ barato

The sheep are in the field. As ovelhas estão no campo.

This shirt is cheap. Esta camisa é barata.

Letters 't': /t/ vs. 'ch': /tʃ/

tick /tɪk/ tique; marcaçãovs. chick /tʃɪk/ pintinho; garota (gíria)

The clock ticks every second. O relógio marca cada segundo.

The chick is small. O pintinho é pequeno.

tin /tɪn/ estanhovs. chin /tʃɪn/ queixo

The box is made of tin. A caixa é feita de estanho.

He touched his chin. Ele tocou o queixo.

to /tuː/ paravs. chew /tʃuː/ mastigar

I want to go home. Eu quero ir para casa.

Chew your food slowly. Mastigue sua comida devagar.

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